In general, the steel manufacturing process begins with ironmaking, which refers to the process of extracting iron from iron ore through a series of chemical reactions and physical treatment processes via smelting furnace - blast furnace. At present, the most common way to make iron is to produce iron in blast furnaces. Before entering the blast furnace, iron ore needs to undergo certain iron processing treatment, such as beneficiation, crushing, sintering, pelletizing and other processes, and iron ore can only be put into the blast furnace for smelting after meeting certain quality requirements and turned into molten iron and slag.
External View of Blast Furnace Plant
Blast furnace is one of the most common smelting equipments in iron making process. The main raw materials of iron making include: iron ore, coke, limestone, air. During blast furnace production, iron ore, coke and slag flux (limestone) are loaded from the furnace top, and preheated air is blown into the furnace tuyere located in the lower part of the furnace along the furnace. Under high temperatures, the carbon in coke (some blast furnaces also blow auxiliary fuels such as pulverized coal, heavy oil, natural gas, etc.) and the carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated by oxygen combustion into the air are removed from the oxygen in the iron ore during the rising process in the furnace, thus obtaining the iron after reduction.
Main equipment:
Blast Furnace Body: It is the core equipment of ironmaking, usually composed of furnace throat, body, waist, belly and cylinder, etc. The shell is usually made of steel plate and refractory lining inside.
Hot Blast Furnace: It is the equipment to provide hot air for the blast furnace, which is heated to a high temperature by burning fuel (e.g. gas, heavy oil, etc.) and then sent into the blast furnace.
Charging equipment: used for loading raw materials into the top of the blast furnace, including material bell, hopper, etc.
Iron tapping equipment: including molten pig iron outlet, iron ditch, slag skimmer, etc., used for discharging liquid iron and separating slag.
Gas treatment system: including dust collector, gas pipeline, gas cabinet, etc., used for treating and storing the gas produced in the process of ironmaking.
According to previous project experience, the construction investment of the auxiliary system is 4 to 5 times that of the blast furnace body. In production, the various systems cooperate with each other and restrict each other to form a continuous, large-scale high-temperature production process. After the blast furnace is opened, the whole system must be continuously in production day and night, in addition to planned maintenance and special accidents, the furnace is generally stopped at the end of the life of the generation.
SMG Group intends to provide high quality blast furnace equipment and offer mature and complete blast furnace process from raw material to pig iron production.